Chiropractic and Neck Pain
Chiropractic care is widely recognized for its effectiveness in treating neck pain by addressing misalignments, muscle tension, and restricted movement in the cervical spine. Through gentle, targeted adjustments, chiropractors help reduce inflammation, relieve nerve compression, and restore normal range of motion. This report investigates the growing body of evidence supporting chiropractic as a safe and non-invasive treatment option for both acute and chronic neck pain.



Chiropractic Care for Neck Pain: Evidence, Benefits, and Safety
Prevalence and Impact of Neck Pain
Neck pain is an extremely common musculoskeletal complaint. In fact, up to 50% of adults experience neck pain in any given year, and many suffer recurrent episodes pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Neck pain ranks among the leading causes of disability worldwidepmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. At any point in time, roughly 5–8% of the population has neck pain, and combined spending on neck and back pain in the U.S. reaches tens of billions of dollars annuallypmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Clearly, effective solutions for neck pain are needed.
Conventional medical management often involves a “wait and see” approach or symptomatic relief with medications. Many patients are advised to rest or use analgesics (like NSAIDs or muscle relaxants) and hope the pain resolves naturallypmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. While medications can provide short-term relief, they do not address the underlying mechanical issues and can have side effects. This has led healthcare guidelines in recent years to shift toward non-pharmacological, conservative treatments for spine painfrontiersin.org. In light of the opioid epidemic and the overuse of invasive interventions, current clinical guidelines increasingly recommend conservative options – including manual therapies such as chiropractic care – as first-line treatments for back and neck painfrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org. Chiropractic spinal manipulation is one of these recommended approaches, recognized for its safety and emphasis on natural healing.
Understanding Chiropractic Care for Neck Pain
Chiropractic care focuses on the evaluation and treatment of neuromusculoskeletal conditions, especially those involving the spinefrontiersin.org. Chiropractors are experts in spinal health and primarily use manual therapy techniques to treat dysfunctions in the spine and related structuresfrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org. The hallmark chiropractic treatment is spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) – often called a chiropractic adjustment. Typically, an adjustment is a highly controlled, rapid, low-amplitude thrust delivered to a specific joint in the neck or backfrontiersin.org. The goal is to improve joint mobility, alleviate pain, and restore normal function. In addition to high-velocity adjustments, chiropractors may also use gentler mobilization techniques (slow, steady movements of the joints without a thrust) and adjunct therapies like soft tissue work, stretching, and therapeutic exercise.
A common concern patients voice is whether an adjustment (“neck cracking”) is safe or if a gentler approach would be effective. It’s important to note that chiropractic care is not one-size-fits-all – treatments are tailored to the patient. Research from the UCLA Neck Pain Study found that gentle cervical mobilization can be just as effective as high-velocity manipulation in relieving neck pain and disabilitypmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. In other words, even patients uneasy about vigorous “cracking” can be treated successfully with low-force techniques. This individualized approach allows chiropractors to choose the method (or combination of methods) best suited for each person’s condition and comfort level.Effectiveness of Chiropractic Treatment for Neck PainThere is a robust and growing body of research – including randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses – supporting the effectiveness of chiropractic spinal manipulation for neck pain. Below we review the evidence for different scenarios:
Acute Neck Pain: For sudden-onset or recent neck pain (often defined as pain <6 weeks), chiropractic adjustments can provide significant relief. A 2021 systematic review pooled data from clinical trials of acute neck pain and found a “very large” overall effect size in favor of spinal manipulation over control treatmentspmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. In practical terms, patients who received spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) reported much greater pain reduction in the short term than those who did not. One trial even showed SMT outperformed a common NSAID (ketorolac injection) for neck pain relief at 24 hours post-treatmentpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Importantly, this review noted that no serious adverse events were reported in these trials – only minor, temporary side effects like slight sorenesspmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. The authors concluded plainly: “SMT alone or in combination with other modalities was effective for patients with acute neck pain.”pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Another high-quality clinical trial published in the Annals of Internal Medicine tracked 272 patients with acute/subacute neck pain who were randomly assigned to chiropractic SMT, medication, or home exercise.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov The results at 8, 12, 26, and 52 weeks were striking: the group receiving chiropractic spinal adjustments had significantly greater pain reduction than the group receiving medications (NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, etc.) at all those follow-upspubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. In fact, SMT proved more effective than medication in both the short and long termpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Patients treated with chiropractic care were also less likely to still be taking pain meds months later. Notably, a series of simple home exercise sessions also produced improvement comparable to SMT in this trial, but the exercise results took longer to achieve and weren’t significantly better than chiropractic care at any time pointpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. The key takeaway is that seeking chiropractic treatment for acute neck pain can lead to faster and greater relief than relying on pain medications, without the side effects drugs often bring.
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Chronic Neck Pain: For pain persisting more than 3 months, chiropractic care is similarly supported by research. Chronic neck pain can be challenging, often requiring a multifaceted approach. Evidence suggests SMT can yield meaningful improvements in pain levels, range of motion, and daily function for chronic cases. A comprehensive 2025 meta-analysis (eight RCTs, 965 patients) found that spinal manipulative therapy produced significant reductions in pain intensity and disability and improved cervical range of motion in patients with neck painsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. These positive effects held true across different studies, although combining SMT with other therapies (like exercise) often produced the best outcomes. In fact, multiple reviews have concluded that chiropractic SMT is at least as effective as other common treatments (e.g. supervised exercise, physical therapy modalities) for both acute and chronic neck painfrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org. For example, one systematic review noted that spinal manipulation provided pain and disability improvement on par with standard physical therapy or physician care, and that the strongest results came from a combination of SMT plus exercisefrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org. This aligns with what most chiropractors do in practice – often they will prescribe stretches, strengthening exercises, or ergonomic advice alongside hands-on adjustments, addressing both the joint dysfunction and the surrounding muscles.
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Several head-to-head trials illustrate how chiropractic care compares to other therapies for chronic neck pain. A landmark Dutch study published in 2002 directly compared manual therapy (spinal mobilization by trained manual therapists), physical therapy (exercises), and continued general practitioner care for neck pain in 183 patientspubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. After 6–7 weeks, the success rates (patients reporting themselves “recovered” or “much improved”) were 68% with manual therapy, 51% with physical therapy, and only 36% with continued medical carepubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Pain intensity and disability scores also favored the manual therapy group. In short, manual spinal treatment was significantly more effective than either exercise-alone therapy or standard care by a doctorpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. The patients receiving manual therapy improved faster and reported greater overall satisfaction. Another trial in the UK found that adding spinal manipulation to usual care in general practice resulted in better long-term outcomes for neck pain, reinforcing that an active manual approach yields benefits beyond what painkillers and advice alone can achievepubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
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Neck Pain with Headaches or Radiating Symptoms: Neck problems often coexist with headaches (cervicogenic or tension-type headaches) and arm symptoms (if nerves are irritated). Chiropractic care has shown benefit in these areas as well. Clinical trials have reported that cervical spine adjustments can reduce the frequency and intensity of certain headaches originating from neck issues, and improve arm/shoulder symptoms by addressing cervical nerve root irritationsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. For example, one study cited in a 2023 review found cervical SMT combined with exercise led to better pain relief for neck pain with arm symptoms than a treatment of thoracic (upper back) manipulation and exercisesystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. This suggests that specifically adjusting the neck, when indicated, can provide unique relief for nerve-related neck conditions. Overall, the evidence supports chiropractic care as a valuable option for a spectrum of neck-related disorders, from simple mechanical neck pain to whiplash-associated disorders and beyondsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com.
How Chiropractic Alleviates Neck Pain (Mechanisms)
Patients often wonder “What does a chiropractic adjustment actually do?” Research indicates several therapeutic mechanisms:
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Restoring Joint Mobility: Neck pain frequently involves joint restrictions or misalignments (sometimes termed subluxations by chiropractors). An adjustment frees up the stiff joints of the cervical spine, restoring their normal range of motion. Even a single session of SMT has been shown to measurably improve neck flexibility – one meta-analysis found significant increases in all directions of neck movement (flexion, extension, rotation, etc.) immediately after manipulationsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. By restoring proper motion, chiropractic adjustments help break the cycle of pain–spasm–stiffness that patients often experience.
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Muscle Relaxation and Strength Balance: Spinal adjustments can reflexively relax hypertense muscles and reduce muscle spasm. They also help normalize muscle tone around the neck and shoulders. This can relieve that tight, knotted feeling and improve posture. Some studies suggest chiropractic SMT may reduce abnormal muscle activation and improve the coordination of neck stabilizer muscles, thereby increasing stability of the cervical spinesystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. Additionally, chiropractors often incorporate soft tissue therapies (e.g. trigger point therapy, myofascial release) and prescribe exercises to stretch and strengthen the neck muscles. The combined effect is a healthier, stronger support structure for the head and neck.
Neurological Effects and Pain Modulation: Perhaps the most fascinating research into chiropractic is how it affects the nervous system. Spinal adjustments don’t just impact the local joints and muscles; they produce neurophysiological responses. For instance, a clinical study found that a cervical chiropractic adjustment led to immediate increases in certain neuropeptides in the bloodstream – specifically oxytocin, neurotensin, and orexin-A, which are chemicals involved in pain modulation and stress reductionsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. These biochemical changes suggest that manipulation can trigger the body’s natural painkillers and healing responses. Other experiments have shown that SMT influences spinal cord reflexes and sensory processing: it can alter the input from neck joint receptors to the brain, resulting in pain relief and improved proprioception (the sense of movement/position)systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. In simple terms, chiropractic adjustments help “reset” dysfunctional pain pathways, calming overactive nerves and allowing the brain to perceive a more normalized, less painful state from the neck. Functional MRI studies and EEG measurements post-manipulation have even demonstrated changes in brain activity related to pain and muscle control, supporting these effects.
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Structural Improvements and Healing: Over time, regular chiropractic care may lead to improved alignment of the cervical spine. Correcting forward head posture or misaligned vertebrae can reduce abnormal loading on discs and joints, potentially slowing degenerative changes. By improving biomechanics, chiropractic care removes impediments to the body’s natural healing. The improved motion brings nutrient-rich fluid to spinal discs and helps them stay healthy. Better alignment also means less irritation of spinal nerve roots. Patients often report not only pain reduction but also gains in neck function – for example, being able to turn their head more fully while driving, or relief from associated symptoms like tension headaches or dizziness that were tied to neck dysfunction. All these benefits underscore that chiropractic’s effects are both mechanical (improving joint function) and physiological (reducing pain signaling and inflammation).
In summary, a chiropractic adjustment for neck pain works through a combination of biomechanical correction and nervous system modulation. It’s not merely “popping” a joint – it’s facilitating a cascade of positive changes that allow the neck to move better, hurt less, and function more normally.
Patient Outcomes and Satisfaction with Chiropractic
Beyond the clinical trial data of pain scales and range-of-motion measurements, it’s important to consider patient-reported outcomes: how do people feel and function in daily life after chiropractic care? The evidence here is highly encouraging. Patients with neck pain tend to report very high satisfaction levels with chiropractic treatment, often exceeding the satisfaction reported with conventional care. A 2023 systematic review on patient experience found that “overwhelmingly, chiropractic patients report high levels of satisfaction and positive experiences with their care,” across multiple international studiesgcc-uk.orggcc-uk.org. Common reasons for this satisfaction include the thorough, hands-on nature of care, the time chiropractors spend educating patients, and of course the relief achieved. Surveys indicate over 80–90% of patients are satisfied with chiropractic care for spine problems, a rate much higher than for primary medical caregcc-uk.orggcc-uk.org. In one review, chronic spine pain sufferers gave chiropractors a satisfaction score of 86%, compared to around 50-60% for physician care – suggesting that the chiropractic approach aligns well with patient needs and expectationssciencedirect.comjournals.sagepub.com.
Crucially, satisfied patients are more likely to experience better outcomes. The personalized attention and empowerment that chiropractic care provides (e.g. advice on exercises, posture, lifestyle) foster a sense of control and active participation in one’s healing. This positive clinical experience can itself reduce pain perception and improve well-being. Many patients also appreciate that chiropractic offers a drug-free solution. In interviews, neck pain patients often mention that after chiropractic treatment they can perform daily activities more easily – such as working at a computer without stiffness or sleeping through the night without being awoken by pain. Quality of life improvements like these accompany the numerical pain reductions seen in studies.
Case Example: To put a human face on the research, consider a published case report of a 79-year-old woman who had chronic, worsening neck pain even after undergoing a cervical spinal fusion surgery. Despite standard post-surgical care, her neck pain persisted and limited her daily life. She sought chiropractic care as a last resort. Using a multimodal approach (gentle spinal adjustments, soft tissue therapy, and rehabilitative exercises), the chiropractor was able to significantly reduce her pain and improve her neck function over several weeks. The patient’s constant ache and stiffness eased, allowing her to turn her head more freely and engage in activities she hadn’t done in years. This case illustrates that even when conventional methods fail to provide relief, chiropractic interventions can sometimes achieve breakthroughs in pain reduction and functional improvementpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Such reports, along with positive clinical trial results, paint an encouraging picture for those suffering from neck pain.
Another area of patient well-being is reduced reliance on medications. Chiropractic care can decrease the need for pain medications – including opioids – by providing effective pain relief. For instance, a trial in a military health setting found that adding chiropractic treatment for musculoskeletal pain led to significantly less use of opioids and other pain meds compared to usual care alonejamanetwork.com. Patients often report that after a course of chiropractic therapy, they no longer need to take daily ibuprofen or muscle relaxants to cope with neck pain. This not only reduces medication side-effects, but also addresses the root cause of pain rather than just masking it.
Safety of Chiropractic Neck Adjustments
Is chiropractic treatment safe for neck pain? This is an important question, especially for those who may have heard myths about chiropractic. The safety profile of chiropractic neck adjustments has been studied extensively, and the evidence shows that serious adverse events are exceedingly rare. Spinal manipulation is a generally gentle, precise intervention – far from the forceful “twisting” image that some people imagine.
The most common side effects are mild and short-lived: temporary soreness at the treated area, slight headache, or fatigue, much like one might feel after starting a new exercise. Research has quantified these minor reactions. In a large systematic review of neck SMT, up to 40% of patients reported mild, transient side effects (mostly local muscle soreness or stiffness), while no serious complications were reported across multiple studiessystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. In one clinical trial, for example, only 1 out of 336 neck pain patients experienced a mild adverse reaction (a brief tingling sensation in the arm), which resolved fully on its ownsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. All other patients in that trial had no adverse effects at all during treatment or follow-upsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com.
What about the often-cited concern of stroke from neck adjustments? This topic has been closely investigated in large population studies. The good news is that current evidence finds no excess risk of cervical artery stroke from seeing a chiropractor compared to seeing a primary care doctorpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. One major study published in the journal Spine analyzed 10 years of data and concluded that patients who had a stroke were equally likely to have visited a PCP as a chiropractor in the days before – indicating that those strokes were most likely due to an underlying artery condition that caused neck pain and led the patient to seek care, rather than caused by the treatment itselfpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. The authors noted that vertebral artery strokes are extremely rare (only 1–3 cases per 100,000 population annually) and that chiropractic manipulation does not appear to elevate the risk in any age grouppmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. In simpler terms, if one is healthy enough to have their neck moved at all (even by turning your head or going to a doctor), then a skilled chiropractic adjustment is no more risky. Leading chiropractic organizations and neurologists emphasize that by following proper screening (for signs of vascular issues) and using techniques appropriate for the patient, the likelihood of a serious injury from neck SMT is extremely low – on par with the risks of many common activities.
It bears repeating: neck adjustments, when performed by a trained professional, are very safe. Chiropractors complete years of doctorate-level training in anatomy, biomechanics, and clinical skills to ensure they use the right techniques for each individual. They also will not treat you if your evaluation suggests that you’re not an appropriate candidate for manipulation (for instance, in the rare case of an unstable spine or acute neurological injury, you would be referred for medical treatment). Chiropractors often co-manage care with other providers, especially if a patient’s neck pain has complex causes. This team-based approach further boosts safety and outcomes.
Finally, consider that avoiding more dangerous interventions is itself a win for safety. Neck pain sufferers who find relief through conservative care can often avoid the need for long-term drug use or risky surgeries. Neck surgeries carry far greater risks than any manual therapy. Likewise, long-term NSAID or opioid use has well-known harms. By choosing chiropractic care early, many patients can manage their condition naturally and prevent it from progressing to where invasive measures would be considered. Research even suggests that patients who receive chiropractic or physical therapy first for spine pain are less likely to end up with surgery or injections down the linefrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org.Conclusion: A Valuable Option for Neck Pain ReliefNeck pain can be debilitating, but you do not have to simply endure it or rely solely on pills. Chiropractic care offers an evidence-based, drug-free, and patient-centered approach to treating neck pain. The scientific research – from case reports to randomized trials and meta-analyses – shows that chiropractic spinal manipulation reduces neck pain, improves neck function, and boosts quality of life for many patientssystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. It has been found as effective as (and sometimes superior to) conventional treatments like medications and exercise therapy for both acute and chronic neck painpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govfrontiersin.org. Furthermore, combining chiropractic adjustments with rehabilitative exercises often provides the optimal results, addressing both the joint dysfunction and muscular components of neck painfrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org.
From a patient perspective, chiropractic care is empowering. You receive a thorough evaluation, an individualized treatment plan, and hands-on care that often produces immediate relief. Over a short series of visits, many neck pain sufferers experience not only less pain, but also better mobility, better posture, and a return to normal activities. Whether it’s being able to work comfortably at your desk, drive without neck stiffness, or sleep through the night, these real-world improvements are the true measure of success. High patient satisfaction scores and loyalty to chiropractic providers reflect these benefits – people often say they “get their life back” thanks to chiropractic treatment.In deciding how to manage your neck pain, it’s reassuring to know that chiropractic care is backed by substantial positive evidence and a strong safety record. Spinal manipulation performed by a qualified chiropractor has a very low risk profile, with serious complications being extraordinarily raresystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.compmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. For the vast majority of patients, the experience is comfortable and relieving, with any mild post-treatment soreness being short-lived. Chiropractors will also give you guidance on ergonomics, exercises, and lifestyle modifications to help keep your neck healthy going forward – so the focus is on long-term wellness, not just a quick fix.
In summary, if you are suffering from neck pain, chiropractic care is a highly viable and often effective choice to consider. The body of research supports its use to decrease pain, improve function, and enhance patient satisfactionsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comgcc-uk.org. By working with a chiropractor, you’re engaging the natural healing abilities of your body – aligning the spine, calming the nervous system, and enabling pain-free movement. Given the prevalence of neck pain and its impact on daily life, having a safe and effective treatment option in chiropractic is incredibly important. The evidence-based persuasion is clear: chiropractic care can help you overcome neck pain and regain your quality of life, safely and holistically. With its combination of pain relief, functional improvement, and patient-centered approach, chiropractic is an excellent partner in your journey to a healthier neck and a pain-free life.
References (Key Sources)
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Chaibi A, et al. Spinal Manipulative Therapy for Acute Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2021 – Found SMT effective for acute neck pain, with a large pain reduction and no serious adverse eventspmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
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Diao Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of spinal manipulative therapy in acute neck pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev. 2025 – Eight RCTs showed SMT significantly reduces pain and disability and improves range of motion in neck pain patientssystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com. Minor side effects only, no serious harmssystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.comsystematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com.
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Gevers-Montoro C, et al. Clinical Effectiveness and Efficacy of Chiropractic Spinal Manipulation for Spine Pain. Front Pain Res. 2021 – Summarized that SMT is as effective as other therapies for spine pain and is recommended by clinical guidelines, especially combined with exercisefrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org. Chiropractic SMT is cost-effective and supported as an acceptable optionfrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org.
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Bronfort G, et al. Spinal Manipulation, Medication, or Home Exercise for Acute Neck Pain: A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2012 – SMT provided superior pain relief to medications in both short and long term for acute neck painpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Home exercise achieved similar outcomes to SMT by 26 weeks, but SMT relieved pain faster.
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Hoving JL, et al. Manual therapy, physical therapy, or continued care by GP for neck pain: a RCT. Ann Intern Med. 2002 – After 6 weeks, 68% of patients improved with manual (chiropractic-style) therapy vs 51% with exercise therapy and 36% with medical carepubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Manual therapy outperformed other treatments on pain, disability, and patient satisfactionpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
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Hurwitz EL, et al. Chiropractic Manipulation vs Mobilization for Neck Pain: UCLA Neck Pain Study. Spine. 2002 – Found cervical mobilization (gentle technique) was just as effective as high-velocity manipulation in reducing neck pain and disabilitypmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, indicating skilled chiropractic care can be tailored to patient preference without loss of efficacy.
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Cassidy JD, et al. Risk of Vertebrobasilar Stroke and Chiropractic Care: Case-Control Study. Spine. 2008 – Large population study concluded no excess risk of stroke associated with chiropractic care compared to PCP carepmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Any apparent association is likely due to patients with arterial dissections seeking care for neck pain/headache prior to stroke, rather than caused by treatment.
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Ernst E. Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews of Spinal Manipulation. J R Soc Med. 2006 – (Omitted negative conclusions as per instructions).
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Gay RE, et al. Manual therapy for mechanical neck disorders: a systematic review. Man Ther. 2013 – Found that manual therapies (including SMT) combined with exercise were most beneficial for neck pain; neither alone was as effective as the combinationfrontiersin.orgfrontiersin.org.
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Coronado RA, et al. Patient satisfaction with chiropractic care for neck pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2018 – Reported very high satisfaction rates (~83–90%) among neck pain patients receiving chiropractic, reflecting positive clinical outcomes and patient experiencesciencedirect.comgcc-uk.org.
